Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện (Phần 1) - Nguyễn Quốc Hùng
NTRODUCTION
1. The authors
The course is designed by two teachers of English at Hanoi University of
technology, Ms. Tran Huong Giang and Ms. Nguyen Thi Bac. They both have
Masters Degree in English language. They have a lot of experience in teaching
English in general and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in particualar. They
also have experience in designing materials for different courses.
2. The course
English for Electrical Engineering is a course on English for Specific Purposes
(ESP) designed to develop the English skills and basic knowledge in electronics
for technical students and engineers who work in the field. This textbook is
intended for learners who begin to take the course of English in electronics. The
most important aim of the course is to help students develop the ability to deal
with the concepts used in technical texts.
The book consists of ten units which can be completed in twenty 45 minute class
hours. The units are organized around the various topics used in electronics
field. The skills are introduced as they relate to the topic. Each unit in the book
is divided into different sections:
Vocabulary and Pronunciation: This consists of three exercises which
provide new terms related to the topic.
Reading: There are two or three exercises in this part which contain
comprehension questions to help students understand the reading text
better.
Language Focus: This sections introduces theory and practice on certain
grammatical or vocabulary feature.
Listening: This part provides exercises to improve students’ listening
skills.
Although we hope that you will enjoy working through this textbook, we do not
expect you find it easy. If you have any questions regarding the course, please
do not be hesitating to contact us. We are always happy to share with you our
expertise and experience of studying this subject.
Tóm tắt nội dung tài liệu: Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện (Phần 1) - Nguyễn Quốc Hùng
![Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện (Phần 1) - Nguyễn Quốc Hùng Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện (Phần 1) - Nguyễn Quốc Hùng](https://s1.tailieuthamkhao.vn/vf210s84mt837qf9/thumb/2021/11/22/tieng-anh-chuyen-nganh-ky-thuat-dien-phan-1-nguyen-quoc-hung_C6FsY8uZFz.jpg)
Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện i www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi ENGLISH FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Cố vấn chương trình : Nguyễn Quốc Hùng, M.A Biên soạn : Nguyễn Thị Bắc, M.A Trần Hương Giang, M.A Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện ii www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................1 TABLE OF CONTENT........................................................................................................2 Unit 1: magnetism ........................................................................................................7 Unit 2: electromagnetic field.............................................................................10 Unit 3: electromagnetic induction ...................................................................14 Unit 4: transformers ..............................................................................................18 Unit 5: electricity generation............................................................................23 Unit 6: Electric Motors..........................................................................................27 Unit 7: Batteries ........................................................................................................32 Unit 8: Incandescent light bulb..........................................................................37 Unit 9: Circuit breaker ...........................................................................................42 Unit 10: Rectifier .......................................................................................................47 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................52 Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 1 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi INTRODUCTION 1. The authors The course is designed by two teachers of English at Hanoi University of technology, Ms. Tran Huong Giang and Ms. Nguyen Thi Bac. They both have Masters Degree in English language. They have a lot of experience in teaching English in general and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in particualar. They also have experience in designing materials for different courses. 2. The course English for Electrical Engineering is a course on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) designed to develop the English skills and basic knowledge in electronics for technical students and engineers who work in the field. This textbook is intended for learners who begin to take the course of English in electronics. The most important aim of the course is to help students develop the ability to deal with the concepts used in technical texts. The book consists of ten units which can be completed in twenty 45 minute class hours. The units are organized around the various topics used in electronics field. The skills are introduced as they relate to the topic. Each unit in the book is divided into different sections: Vocabulary and Pronunciation: This consists of three exercises which provide new terms related to the topic. Reading: There are two or three exercises in this part which contain comprehension questions to help students understand the reading text better. Language Focus: This sections introduces theory and practice on certain grammatical or vocabulary feature. Listening: This part provides exercises to improve students’ listening skills. Although we hope that you will enjoy working through this textbook, we do not expect you find it easy. If you have any questions regarding the course, please do not be hesitating to contact us. We are always happy to share with you our expertise and experience of studying this subject. Business English Academy Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 2 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi TABLE OF CONTENT Unit Skills Activities Unit 1 Magnetism Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen and decide whether the following sentences are true(T) or false (F) Exercise 5 T.S 4 Listen and choose a correct word from the box the fill in the gap Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Unit 2 Electromagnetic field Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) reading Exercise 5: Choose a correct word from the box to fill in the gap Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Unit 3 Vocabulary and Exercise 1 Match English terms Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 3 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Electromagnetic induction Pronunciation and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap reading Exercise 4 Fill in each gap with one suitable word Exercise 5 Read the text in Exercise 4 again and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Unit 4 Transformers Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen and decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) reading Exercise 5 Read the following passage carefully and choose the right kind of energy loss in a transformer according to the description. Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Unit 5 Electricity generation Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 4 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi the correct word from the box to fill in the gap listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen to the following passage and write down the missing words reading Exercise 5 Read the following passage and choose a suitable word from the box to fill in the gap Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Unit 6 Electric Motors Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap reading: Exercise 4 Read the passage carefully and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) Exercise 5 Choose a correct word to fill in the gap Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Unit 7 Batteries Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Reading Exercise 4: Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? listening Exercise 5 Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 5 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Language work Exercise 6 Match a line in A with a line in B to make meaningful sentences. Exercise 7 Change the following sentences into passive Unit 8 Incandescent light bulb Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap listening Exercise 4 Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Reading Exercise 5 Match each on the left with its name on the right Exercise 6: Are the following sententences true (T) or false (F)? Language work: Noun phrase (1) Exercise 7 Convert each of the following clauses into a noun phrase Exercise 8 Translate the noun phrase into Vietnamese Unit 9 Circuit breaker Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Listening Exercise 4 Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given reading Exercise 5: Are the following sentences true (T) or false (F)? Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 6 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Language work: Noun phrase (2) Exercise 6 Now convert each of the following clauses into a noun phrase Exercise 7 Translate the noun phrases into Vietnamese Unit 10 Rectifier Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap listening: Exercise 4 Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Reading Exercise 5 Are the following sentences true (T) or false (F)? Language work: Noun phrase (3) Exercise 6 Now convert each of the following clauses into a noun phrase Exercise 7 Translate the noun phrase into Vietnamese Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 7 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Unit 1 magnetism Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese 1. attractive or repulsive force Hiện tượng từ tính 2. magnetic properties Cực từ 3. lodestone Nam châm 4. magnets Các cực giống nhau 5. Magnetism La bàn 6. magnetic field Xoay 7. magnetic poles Cuộn cảm 8. compass Nam châm điện 9. turn Đá nam châm 10. Like poles Tính chất từ 11. Electromagnets Từ trường 12. solenoids Lực hút hoặc lực đẩy Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise 1. attractive or repulsive force 5. Magnetism 9. turn 2. magnetic properties 6. magnetic field 10. Like poles 3. lodestone 7. magnetic poles 11. Electromagnets 4. magnets 8. compass 12. solenoids Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 8 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap attractive or repulsive force magnets solenoids magnetic field lodestone turn magnetic properties Magnetism magnetic poles Electromagnets compass Like poles 1. Most common objects that are attracted to ..contain iron or steel. 2. The ends of a magnet are called . 3. The effect of on global warming has not yet been researched. 4. The .of materials are in large part determined by the nature and magnitude of the atomic magnetic moments. 5. A .could be used to show the locations of the poles on the Earth. Listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen and decide whether the following sentences are true(T) or false (F) 1. In fact all materials are affected by a magnetic field at the same degree. 2. Magnets attract all magnetic objects. 3. The area around a magnet is called a magnetic field. 4. Magnetic poles are the ends of a magnet. 5. All magnet bars have two poles, north and south. Exercise 5: T.S 4 Listen and choose a correct word from the box the fill in the gap magnetic field toward repel two electromagnets voltage compass electricity Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 9 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Like poles of two magnets always push away, or(1), each other. Different poles attract each other. For example, if the south pole of one magnet is put near the south pole of another magnet, the magnets will push away from each other. This will also happen with .. (2) north poles. But if a north pole is put near a south pole, the magnets will move (3) each other until they stick together. Magnets have many uses. One use was discovered long ago when explorers found out a magnet could be used as a . (4) to show the locations of the poles on the Earth. Electromagnets are another kind of magnet that only work when ..(5) is running through them. Often, these magnets function using a coil of wire that creates a ... (6) when there is a current through it. In addition to this coil of wire, a large piece of metal, generally iron, is placed inside the coil to greatly strengthen the magnetic field produced. Though most large .(7) employ many solenoids to lift heavy objects, smaller solenoids are used in everyday electronics, for example to change a .. (8) in a transformer. Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters 1. Many magnetic properties of materials are expressed in terms of the magnetic field s..h. 2. Le refers to A piece of intensely magnetic magnetite that was used as an early form of magnetic compass. 3. Until 1821, only one kind of m..m was known, the one produced by iron magnets. 4. The two ends, which are the regions of concentrated lines of force, are called the p.s of the magnet. 5. A cs is a navigational instrument for finding directions on the Earth. 6. AC e.s can be used to demagnetize objects (like TV screens, audio tapes, VCR tapes) or to hold objects. 7. In physics, the term s..d refers to a loop of wire, often wrapped around a metallic core, which produces a magnetic field when an electric current is passed through it. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 10 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Unit 2 electromagnetic field Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese 1. electromagnetic field Vùng lân cận 2. electrically charged object Vật thể tích điện 3. vicinity Trường điện từ 4. electromagnetic interaction Tương tác điện từ 5. stationary charges điện tích chuyển động 6. moving charges Bức xạ 7. wavelike điện tích tĩnh 8. quantum mechanical Giống sóng 9. radiation Thuật chụp Rơn ghen, chụp X quang 10. radio astronomy Cơ lượng tử 11. radiogr ... in the conductor. 2. Joseph Henry and Michael Faraday found that an electric current could be induced in a separate conductor if it is placed in a changing magnetic field. 3. Mutual induciton happens when a circuit is placed in changing electric field of another circuit. 4. The operation principle of a transformer is based on self-induction. 5. Faraday discovered that the electromotive force induced in a closed circuit is inversely proportional to the magnetic flux thorugh the circuit. LANGUAGE WORK Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters 1. The term electromagnetic in refers to the generation of an electric current by passing a metal wire through a magnetic field. 2. The purpose of a p.t magnet is to produce flux in the working gap of a device. 3. Magnetic flux is the product of the average magnetic field times the p.r area that it penetrates. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 17 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi 4. Ml induction is the production of an electromotive force in one circuit by a change in current in another circuit. 5. An induction motor (IM) is a type of as..s AC motor where power is supplied to the rotating device by means of electromagnetic induction. 6. The number of t.s of wire directly relates to the strength of the magnetic field. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 18 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Unit 4 transformers Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese 1. electromagnetism Hiện tượng từ giảo 2. electromagnetic induction Hiện tượng điện từ 3. induce Độ thẩm thấu từ 4. magnetic permeability Cảm ứng điện từ 5. leakage flux Cảm ứng, sinh ra 6. Winding resistance Sự nóng lên (nhiệt) do điện trở 7. resistive heating Từ thông rò rỉ 8. skin effect Hiệu ứng gần 9. proximity effect Điện trở của cuộn dây 10. Hysteresis hiện tượng từ trễ 11. reverse Đảo chiều 12. Stray losses Tổn hao do tạp tán 13. peak flux density Dòng phu cô 14. Eddy currents Hiệu ứng thoáng qua, nhẹ 15. Ferromagnetic material Vật liệu sắt từ 16. short-circuited Mật độ từ thông cao nhất 17. frictional heating Sự nóng (lên nhiệt) do ma sát 18. inverse square Đoản mạch 19. Magnetostriction Bình phương nghịch đảo Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 19 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise 1. inductively coupled 2. electromagnetism 3. Stray losses 4. magnetic permeability 5. induce 6. leakage flux 7. Winding resistance 8. resistive heating 9. skin effect 10. proximity effect 11. Hysteresis 12. reverse 13. electromagnetic induction 14. peak flux density 15. Eddy currents 16. Ferromagnetic material 17. short-circuited 18. frictional heating 19. inverse square 20. Magnetostriction Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap T.S 2 1. The EMF of a transformer at a given flux density increases with frequency. 2. Winding resistance dominates load losses, whereas hysteresis and eddy currents losses contribute to over 99% of the no-load loss. 3. Iron losses are caused mostly by hysteresis and eddy current effects in the core. 4. The transformer principle was demonstrated in 1831 by Michael Faraday, although he used it only to demonstrate the principle of electromagnetic induction and did not foresee its practical uses. 5. Any leakage flux that intercepts nearby conductive materials such as the transformer's support structure will give rise to eddy currents and be converted to heat. Listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen and decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) 1. A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled electrical conductors. 2. The transformer is based on two principles: firstly that an electric current can produce a electric field (electromagnetism) and secondly that a T www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi changing magnetic field within a coil of wire induces a voltage across the ends of the coil (electromagnetic induction). 3. By changing the current in the primary coil, it changes the strength of its magnetic field; since the changing magnetic field extends into the secondary coil, a voltage is induced across the primary. 4. A current passing through the primary coil creates a magnetic field. 5. The primary and secondary coils are wrapped around a core of very high magnetic permeability, such as copper. 6. This ensures that most of r E oiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 20 the magnetic field lines produced by the primary current are within the iron and pass through the secondary coil as well as the primary coil. An ideal step-down transformer showing magnetic flux in the core eading Energy losses xercise 5 Read the following passage carefully and choose the right kind f energy loss in a transformer according to the description. Transformers are among the most efficient of machines, but all exhibit losses. Transformer losses are divided into losses as follows: Eddy currents Winding resistance Hysteresis losses Magnetostriction Stray losses Mechanical losses 1. Current flowing through the windings causes resistive heating of the conductors. At higher frequencies, skin effect and proximity effect create additional winding resistance and losses. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 21 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi 2. . Each time the magnetic field is reversed, a small amount of energy is lost due to hysteresis within the core. For a given core material, the loss is proportional to the frequency, and is a function of the peak flux density to which it is subjected. 3. . Ferromagnetic materials are also good conductors, and a solid core made from such a material also constitutes a single short-circuited turn throughout its entire length. Eddy currents therefore circulate within the core in a plane normal to the flux, and are responsible for resistive heating of the core material. The eddy current loss is a complex function of the square of supply frequency and inverse square of the material thickness. 4. . Magnetic flux in a ferromagnetic material, such as the core, causes it to physically expand and contract slightly with each cycle of the magnetic field, an effect known as magnetostriction. This produces the buzzing sound commonly associated with transformers, and in turn causes losses due to frictional heating in susceptible cores. 5. In addition to magnetostriction, the alternating magnetic field causes fluctuating electromagnetic forces between the primary and secondary windings. These incite vibrations within nearby metalwork, adding to the buzzing noise, and consuming a small amount of power. 6. Leakage inductance is by itself lossless, since energy supplied to its magnetic fields is returned to the supply with the next half-cycle. However, any leakage flux that intercepts nearby conductive materials such as the transformer's support structure will give rise to eddy currents and be converted to heat. Language work Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters 1. E.m is the physics of the electromagnetic field: a field which exerts a force on particles that possess the property of electric charge. 2. In electromagnetism, p..y is the degree of magnetization of a material that responds linearly to an applied magnetic field. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 22 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi 3. Magnetic flux l.e (MFL) is a magnetic method of nondestructive testing that is used to detect corrosion and pitting in steel structures. 4. Wg resistance and motor current produce power loss in the form of heat and motor temperature rise (TPR). 5. Resistive h..g has possible advantages compared with other active warming systems because it can heat several fields independently. 6. If an alternating magnetic field is applied to the material, its magnetization will trace out a loop called a h..s loop. 7. The goal of placing electromagnetic shields in the distribution transformer tank walls is to reduce the s..y losses. 8. Although e..y currents can be induced in any electrical conductor, the effect is most pronounced in solid metallic conductors. 9. F..c materials have a large and positive susceptibility to an external magnetic field. 10. M.n is the changing of a material's physical dimensions in response to changing its magnetization. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 23 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Unit 5 electricity generation Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese 1. Electricity generation Sự đốt cháy 2. power station Nhà máy điện 3. electromechanical generator Sự phát điện 4. heat engines Máy phát điện cơ 5. combustion Sự phân hạt nhân 6. nuclear fission Động năng 7. kinetic energy Pin quang điện mặt trời 8. solar photovoltaics Hơi nóng, hơi nước 9. turbines Động cơ nhiệt 10. Steam Nhiên liệu hóa thạch 11. fossil fuel Đập thủy điện 12. biomass Tuốc bin 13. Geothermal power Lực của thủy triều 14. hydroelectric dam Năng lượng địa nhiệt 15. tidal force Dầu mỏ 16. chimney Sinh chất, sinh khối 17. petroleum ống khói Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 24 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practise 1.Electricity generation 6. nuclear fission 11. fossil fuel 16. tidal force 2. power station 7. kinetic energy 12. biomass 17.Solar updraft tower 3.electromechanical generator 8. solar photovoltaics 13. solar parabolic trough 18. chimney 4. heat engines 9. turbines 14. Geothermal power 19. solar thermal energy 5. combustion 10. Steam 15. hydroelectric dam 20. petroleum Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Electricity generation nuclear fission fossil fuel tidal force power station kinetic energy biomass Solar updraft tower electromechanical generator solar photovoltaics solar parabolic trough chimney heat engines turbines Geothermal power solar thermal energy combustion Steam hydroelectric dam petroleum 1. Combined cycle gas plants are driven by both steam and gas. 2. Fluid-based magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation has been studied as a method for extracting electrical power from nuclear reactors and also from more conventional fuel systems. 3. Sources of electricity in the U.S. in 2006; generation (mainly coal) was the largest source. 4. Electrochemical is also important in portable and mobile applications. Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 25 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi 5. Until recently, ..were most commonly used in remote sites where there is no access to a commercial power grid, or as a supplemental electricity source for individual homes and businesses. listening Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen to the following passage and write down the missing words Electricity generation is the process of .. (1) non-electrical energy to electricity. For electric utilities, it is the first process in the delivery of . .. (2) consumers. The other processes, electric power transmission and electricity distribution, are normally carried out by the electrical .. (3) industry. Electricity is most often generated at a power station by electromechanical .. (4) , primarily driven by heat engines fueled by chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by other means such as the kinetic energy of flowing water and wind. There are many other .. (5) that can be and are used to generate electricity such as solar photovoltaics. reading Exercise 5 Read the following passage and choose a suitable word from the box to fill in the gap. Water Hot gas turbines heating drive Steam Wind heat engines Methods of generating electricity Most electric generation is driven by .. (1). The combustion of fossil fuels supplies most of the heat to these engines, with a significant fraction from nuclear fission. Virtually all of the heat engines just mentioned are .. (2) . Other types of turbines can be driven by wind or falling water. All turbines are driven by a fluid acting as an intermediate energy carrier. These fluids can be: • .. (3) - Water is boiled by nuclear fission, the burning of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, or petroleum) or biomass. Some power plants use the sun as the heat source: solar parabolic troughs and solar power towers concentrate sunlight to heat a heat transfer fluid, Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kỹ thuật điện 26 www.bea.vn: Caùch hoïc môùi – Tri thöùc môùi which is then used to produce steam. Another renewable source of heat used to .. (4) a turbine is Geothermal power. Either steam under pressure emerges from the ground and drives a turbine or hot water evaporates a low boiling liquid to create vapour to drive a turbine. • .. (5) (hydroelectric) - Turbine blades are acted upon by flowing water, produced by hydroelectric dams or tidal forces. • .. (6) - Most wind turbines generate electricity from naturally occurring wind. Solar updraft towers use wind that is artificially produced inside the chimney by .. (7) it with sunlight, and are more properly seen as forms of solar thermal energy. • .. (8) (gas turbine) - Turbines are driven directly by gases produced by the combustion of natural gas or oil. Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters 1. P.m engineering refers to the subsurface engineering activities related to the production of hydrocarbons, which can be either crude oil or gas. 2. Electricity g..n is the process of converting non-electrical energy to electricity. 3. A power s..n (also referred to as power plant) is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. 4. The steam t.e is a very important engine, used in powerplants to produce current. 5. An e..l generator converts mechanical vibrational energy into electrical energy. 6. A heat ee typically uses energy provided in the form of heat to do work and then exhausts the heat which cannot be used to do work. 7. C..n or burning is a complex sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat or both heat and light in the form of either a glow or flames. 8. Pc technology makes use of the abundant energy in the sun, and it has little impact on our environment. 9. Formed from plants and animals that lived up to 300 million years ago, f..l fuels are found in deposits beneath the earth. 10. There are three g..l power plant technologies being used to convert hydrothermal fluids to electricity.
File đính kèm:
tieng_anh_chuyen_nganh_ky_thuat_dien_phan_1_nguyen_quoc_hung.pdf